򵥵̸
νͬ˵ĵһ˵ȫκεڣ
 Ҫж˴ڣҪеĹ淶ļ
 оĹ淶 

  Ӧô˽ľĿǰʹõж٣
 ȴֻʶʮǿԴӸټ̵߸׼
 ΪλظѭʵҿɲҪС£J. S. Bachʮ
 ȷʮƽҾʮΪֵĹ淶
 Ȼ仯׼ʮҪĸ
 ǽ̸ȥ 

  ϻؽ˸ټϵʮ֮ᣬӦûζ
ġ ڴ˾̸̸ɣTemperament⡣Ƶ
Ŀ ʹĸߵ͡ĺгƵʵıʮҪĹϵ
 ˶ȵƵʱȼ12ȫΪ23Ϊ34
С гνɣjust intonationȻԴѭȥ
罵 ACEGΪA룣GͲóΪ˶ȣƫΪ
 ƽɣEqual Temperamentһ˶ƽΪʮ
 ֣֮СľΪȷʵ༼ϵ⣬
 ǵȴʮ롣˲⣬
 춴СٵԾһ顣 

  ƽõ͹J. S. BachƽɸThe Wel
l-Tempered Clavier48ǰ븴24Сÿ 
ӣֳɶ֡ǵһʵƽɵƷʹڸ 
ȵĵࡣ 

  ֻǼԽйصɵĸҪоɲ׵£
Ҫ߱ѧӲУڴ˴ס»ؽ̸̸ 
صԣTonality⡣ 

  ԣTonality 

  ԣTonality򵥵Ľ24СȻβأ
 ӦöҪʶΪҴ
ϾͿ˽⣬˳УõıֻC,D,E,F,G,A,B 
߸ͬȻ֮ǰᵽһʹõĹʮͬΪ
߸֮̾벢ǶǰCΪC,D,E,F,G
, A,B,C*гE,FB,C*֮ǰ⣬̶֮ȫ


  Ҫ֪ŵִӰʱһֱĿǰΪֹ󲿷ֵĴԵ
 ΪִȻзǵԣatonalֵĲϴ
ϰ ָ߽ܵ֡޷ѵֵĹ淶Ϊʲ
 ˵һ˴ӼгȥȥԶĵطҪ뿪ã
 ӦٻصÿҪıtonic
ͨ ҿʼʱֽصҡģʽҪ
 ʹֽоǿҵķС 

  ַеԴ׵ϡǳƶľΪ̣
һ ͬҲͿ˵֮ľһû
֮ ֡˱ȱһƣȻҲûнеķԡǿ
С ǶλõҪԡ½и˳г
(tonic) (supertonic)(mediant)(subdominant)
(dominant) (submediant)??leading tone)˶(octave)


  ɴ˿֪ʮܳΪһ˽õʮʮ
С ܹƵĶʮĸС 

BBS ˮľ廪վ bbs.net.tsinghua.edu.cn 




  : 

  ҵĹȵöɵһֺҡ 
ΪϵΪϵΪ 

  (1)ҡΪȣΪȵ 
ҡ 

  (2)СҡΪСȣΪȵ 
ҡ 

  (3)ҡΪСȣΪȵ 
ҡ 

  (4)ҡΪȣΪȵ 

ҡ 

  ߺ 

  ߺҵĹĸȵöɵһֺңص 
Ϊ߶ȣߺҡ 

  (1)СߺҡԴΪΪС߶ȵĺ ҡҲ
Ϊߺҡ 

  (2)ߺҡԴΪΪ߶ȵĺҡ 

  (3)СߺҡСΪΪС߶ȵĺҡ 

  (4)ߺҡԼΪΪ߶ȵĺҡ 

  (5)СߺҡԼΪΪС߶ȵĺ ҡҲ
Ϊߺҡ 

ʮƽ

  ʮƽɣָ˶ȵ(Ƶ)Ƶʵȱط ʮȷ
ÿһȷݳΪһСȡһ ȷݡ 

  һ˶ȷֳ12ȷž˵һЩɡĴ 
Ƶʱ( 2  7/12 η) 1.5 ǳӽ˶ 
ɡ͡ʮƽɡ̵Ĳ ͬʱʮƽɡĴĶȺ
ȣƵʱȷֱ 4/3  5/4 ȽϽӽҲ˵ʮƽ
ɡļҪ Ȼеļϵģֻ
С ΪСŵȰֶʹṩ˱Ҫ Ϊ
Щ*Ȼ(ǰȻУƵ ǻƵʵ
УɵȲ)γ׵ġ 

  ʮƽڽֶӺͼеõ㷺ʹãΪֻ ʮƽ
ɡܷؽƵ 

  һȷʹѧ㡰ʮƽɡƵ ʵ
ʱڵһλּҡҲҹΪ ľ޴
֮һɡ 
ʽ

  ʽһʽ(ϻ:-D),Ҳдһָ ɰ.һ
ֱȽϹ̶ĿܰĴṹ,ʹĳ ̶ʽбȽ
̬,. 

  ǿŵ,ô?*ľظ, ͶԱ
Ҫ.ֻҪץס,־Ͳãͷ. 

  һݼŵĶ,ּһҪظһЩ, ʲô
ǵӡ.ظǷǳ, ҪԱ仯
. 

  ıڱɵĻͨı,,ɫ, װ
ֶıֵЧ(<񻶽>, һ׻Ľ
˽֮<ڹ>, ).ӵıȽϻ,ʲôҪ
,Ȼԭ һЩ,ҲͲǱ. 

  ԱΪϷԵ.,Чͬ Ⱥ,
˳,,ں,ǲǺȤ? 

  ôͿ˵˵ʽ.ʽһִʽ,С ,
,ĪصķչͱҵƳΪ,, Э,ȴ
زٵĽṹ.һ㶼ڵ һ(),ֽ"-
һʽ""-" ʽ. 

  ĽṹӴϽֳ:ʾ,չֲ. ϲ<
>һΪ. 

  ʾѱµ˳.ͨ,Դ ԱȵЧ
.νһ,ҪЩŵ. ⱻ
͸,߼͸. дÿ,,,ֱ...֮ϣ
һ־ס. д,˰("Ա"Ҫ
˰).Ϊ ֵĸ,ԵҲǲݰ:)ڳʾĿʼʱ 
;⸱֮дһ,Ϊ"Ӳ""岿"; ڸ
ټϸβͽ"".""ǳʾ "",ɲ
ʽ""Ŷ. 

  <>ĵһ,һʼ(greenfir?:->)ͳ ־
;Ŀٲɾ, ͱ֮,һ
ůȥ: 

  3 2 1|6 5 3 5 1. 6|5 - .... Ǹ. 

  ----- ------- - 

  ٱظ,,,ƽĽ ˳ʾ
. 

  չڳʾĻдµĶ, ĳЩ˵
"չ",йС˵Ľз"ܳ". <>,չԵ
ٶ嶯,չ. 

  ֲ˼ǰ⸱(ʵǳʾ)ظ, ȻҪһ
仯,ȻԵҺû?ʱֲ дúܾ,,岿֮
඼ʡ.βϳһβ .<>ֲ,ǿҵ
,Ȼ һ,ӲҲ.
˸,ע ɫѾͬڳʾʱͬ,˳""Ҳ
. һ͵β. 

  ,һʽӾͽ.
