ؚ-NirtlQ_'YhQ  S8^(uW,girt8^pe
 
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 
  N0(pvЏR1 	- - - - - - v~ЏR    
 
 1 	 SSv~ЏR    
 
 1 . s^GW^V s^s / t [IN_	  2 . 	g(ucV t 2 - V o 2 2 a s     
 
 3 . -Ne;R^V t / 2 V s^( V t + V o ) / 2   4 . +g^V t V o + a t     
 
 5 . -NMOn^V s / 2 [ ( V o 2 + V t 2 ) / 2 ] 1 / 2   6 . MOys V s^t V o t + a t 2 / 2 V t / 2 t     
 
 7 . R^a ( V t - V o ) / t   [NV o :NckeTa NV o TT( R) a > 0 STRa < 0 ]    
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 8 . [(ucs a T 2   [s :Nޏ~vvI{e( T ) QMOyKN]]    
 
 9 . ;NirtϑSUSMO: R^( V o ) : m / s R^( a ) : m / s 2 +g^( V t ) : m / s e( t ) y( s ) MOy( s ) : s|m 	z: s|^USMObc{1 m / s = 3 . 6 k m / h 0    
 
 l    
 
 ( 1 ) s^GW^/fwϑ;     
 
 ( 2 ) irSO^'Y, R^
N N['Y;     
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 ( 3 ) a = ( V t - V o ) / t S/fϑ^_
N/fQ[_;     
 
 ( 4 ) vQ[vsQQ[(p0MOyTz0S|0eNe;R0,{ NQP 1 9 0/ s - - t V0v - - t V/ ^Ns0we^0,{ NQP 2 4 00    
 
 2 ) 1u=SOЏR    
 
 1 . R^V o 0   2 . +g^V t g t     
 
 3 . N=ؚ^h g t 2 / 2 NV o MOnTN{	  4 . cV t 2 2 g h     
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 l:     
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 ( 1 ) 1u=SOЏR/fR^:Nv SRv~ЏRu_ SSv~ЏRĉ_    
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 ( 2 ) a g 9 . 8 m / s 2 H"1 0 m / s 2 ͑RR^(WdSDя\, (Wؚq\Yks^0W\eTzvTN	0    
 
 3 ) zv
NbЏR    
 
 1 . MOys V o t - g t 2 / 2   2 . +g^V t V o - g t   g = 9 . 8 m / s 2 H"1 0 m / s 2 	    
 
 3 . 	g(ucV t 2 - V o 2 - 2 g s   4 . 
NGS g'Yؚ^H m V o 2 / 2 g ( bQp{w	    
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 5 . _ԏet 2 V o / g   NbQ=VSMOnve	    
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 l:     
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 ( 1 ) hQǏzYt: /f SQv~ЏRNT
N:NckeTR^S<P    
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N:N SQv~ЏRTN:N1u=SOЏRwQ	g[y'`    
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 ( 3 ) 
NGSNN=ǏzwQ	g[y'`, Y(WTp^I{<PSTI{
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 1 ) s^bЏR    
 
 1 . 4ls^eT^V x V o   2 . zveT^V y g t     
 
 3 . 4ls^eTMOyx V o t   4 . zveTMOyy g t 2 / 2     
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 5 . ЏRet ( 2 y / g 	1 / 2 ( 8^Sh:y:N( 2 h / g ) 1 / 2 )     
 
 6 . T^V t ( V x 2 + V y 2 ) 1 / 2 [ V o 2 + ( g t ) 2 ] 1 / 2     
 
 T^eTN4ls^9Y҉: t g V y / V x g t / V 0     
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 7 . TMOys ( x 2 + y 2 ) 1 / 2 ,     
 
 MOyeTN4ls^9Y҉: t g y / x g t / 2 V o     
 
 8 . 4ls^eTR^a x = 0 zveTR^a y g     
 
 l    
 
 ( 1 ) s^bЏR/f SSf~ЏRR^:Ng 8^Sw\O/f4ls^eTv Sv~ЏNzveTv1u=SOЏRvTb    
 
 ( 2 ) ЏRe1uN=ؚ^h ( y ) Q[N4ls^bQ^esQ    
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 3 	NvsQ|:Nt g 2 t g     
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 4 	(Ws^bЏR-Net /f㉘sQ.( 5 ) ZPf~ЏRvirSO_	gR^S_^eTN@bSTR( R^) eT
N(WT Nv~
NeirSOZPf~ЏR0    
 
 2 	 SWhTЏR    
 
 1 . ~^V s / t 2 r / T   2 . ҉^/ t 2 / T 2 f     
 
 3 . T_R^a V 2 / r 2 r ( 2 / T ) 2 r   4 . T_RF _m V 2 / r m 2 r m r ( 2 / T ) 2 m v = F T    
 
 5 . hTgNsT 1 / f   6 . ҉^N~^vsQ|V r     
 
 7 . ҉^NlvsQ|2 n ( dkYsNlaINvT)     
 
 8 . ;NirtϑSUSMO'_( s ) : s|( m ) ҉^( ) '_^r a d 	sf 	kH z 	hTgT 	ys 	ln 	r / s JS_( r ) : s|m 	~^V 	m / s ҉^	r a d / s T_R^m / s 2 0    
 
 l    
 
 1 	T_RSN1ug*NwQSORcO_NSN1uTRcO؏SN1uRRcOeTY~N^eTWvcTW_    
 
 2 	ZP SWhTЏRvirSOvQT_RI{NTRv^NT_RS9eS^veT
N9eS^v'Y\VdkirSOvROc
NST_R
NZPRFORϑ
Ne9eS0    
 
 3 ) N	g_R    
 
 1 .  _nfR,{	N[_T 2 / R 3 K ( 4 2 / G M ) [R : hSJS_T : hTgK : 8^ϑ( NLf(ϑesQSQN-N_)YSOv(ϑ) ]    
 
 2 . N	g_R[_F G m 1 m 2 / r 2   G 6 . 6 7  1 0 - 1 1 N ? m 2 / k g 2 eT(W[Nvޏ~
N	    
 
 3 . )YSO
Nv͑RT͑RR^G M m / R 2 m g g G M / R 2   [R : )YSOJS_( m ) M )YSO(ϑk g 	]    
 
 4 . kSf~L^0҉^0hTgV ( G M / r ) 1 / 2 ( G M / r 3 ) 1 / 2 T 2 ( r 3 / G M ) 1 / 2 [M -N_)YSO(ϑ]    
 
 5 . ,{ N( N0	N) [[^V 1 ( g 0Wr 0W) 1 / 2 ( G M / r 0W) 1 / 2 7 . 9 k m / s V 2 1 1 . 2 k m / s V 3 1 6 . 7 k m / s     
 
 6 . 0WtTekkSfG M m / ( r 0W+ h ) 2 m 4 2 ( r 0W+ h ) / T 2 [h H"3 6 0 0 0 k m h : ݍ0Wthbvؚ^r 0W: 0WtvJS_]    
 
 l:     
 
 ( 1 ) )YSOЏR@b vT_R1uN	g_RcO, F TF N    
 
 ( 2 ) ^(uN	g_R[_S0O{)YSOv(ϑ[^I{    
 
 ( 3 ) 0WtTekkSfSЏLNdS
NzzЏLhTgT0WtlhTgvT    
 
 ( 4 ) kSfhSJS_S\e, RS\0RS'Y0^S'Y0hTgS\ NT	NS	    
 
 ( 5 ) 0WtkSfv g'Ys~^T g\S\^GW:N7 . 9 k m / s 0
 
 
 
 	N0R8^vR0RvTbNR	    
 
 1 	8^vR    
 
 1 . ͑RG m g   eTzvTNg 9 . 8 m / s 2 H"1 0 m / s 2 \O(up(W͑_(uN0WthbDя	    
 
 2 . KQ[_F k x   [eTlb`
Yb_SeTk R^|pe( N / m ) x b_Sϑ( m ) ]    
 
 3 . nRiddRF F N   [NirSOv[ЏReTvSiddVpeF N ckSR( N ) ]    
 
 4 . YiddR0 d"f Yd"f m   NirSOv[ЏRReTvSf m :N g'YYiddR	    
 
 5 . N	g_RF G m 1 m 2 / r 2   G 6 . 6 7  1 0 - 1 1 N ? m 2 / k g 2 , eT(W[Nvޏ~
N	    
 
 6 . Y5uRF k Q 1 Q 2 / r 2   k 9 . 0  1 0 9 N ? m 2 / C 2 , eT(W[Nvޏ~
N	    
 
 7 . 5u:WRF E q   E :W:_N / C q 5uϑC ck5uwSv5u:WRN:W:_eTvT	    
 
 8 . [WRF B I L s i n   :NB NL v9Y҉S_L "B e: F B I L B / / L e: F 0 	    
 
 9 . mNyQRf q V B s i n   :NB NV v9Y҉S_V "B ef q V B V / / B e: f 0 	    
 
 l:     
 
 ( 1 ) R^|pek 1u9_'|ꁫQ[;     
 
 ( 2 ) iddVpeNSR'Y\Scby'Y\esQ1ucbPgeyr'`NhbrQI{Q[;     
 
 ( 3 ) f m eu'YNF N  N,Ɖ:Nf m H"F N ;     
 
 ( 4 ) vQ[vsQQ[YiddR'Y\0eT	0,{ NQP 8 0    
 
 ( 5 ) irtϑ&{SSUSMOB xa:_^( T ) L 	gHe^( m ) I : 5uAm:_^( A ) V &^5u|P[^( m / s ) , q : &^5u|P[&^5uSO	5uϑ( C ) ;     
 
 ( 6 ) [WRNmNyQReTGW(u]Kb[R$R[0    
 
 2 	RvTbNR    
 
 1 . T Nv~
NRvTbTT: F F 1 + F 2   STF F 1 - F 2   ( F 1 > F 2 )     
 
 2 . Nb҉^RvTb    
 
 F ( F 1 2 + F 2 2 + 2 F 1 F 2 c o s ) 1 / 2 YO&_[t	  F 1 "F 2 e: F ( F 1 2 + F 2 2 ) 1 / 2     
 
 3 . TR'Y\V| F 1 - F 2 | d"F d"| F 1 + F 2 |     
 
 4 . RvckNRF x F c o s F y F s i n :NTRNx tKNv9Y҉t g F y / F x 	    
 
 l    
 
 ( 1 ) R( wϑ) vTbNRu_s^LVb_[R;     
 
 2 	TRNRRvsQ|/fI{HefNsQ|, S(uTRfNRRvqQT\O(u, SKN_Nbz;     
 
 ( 3 ) dlQ_lY_NS(u\OVlBl, dke	bh^, %N<h\OV;     
 
 ( 4 ) F 1 NF 2 v<P N[e, F 1 NF 2 v9Y҉( ҉) 'YTR\;     
 
 5 	T Nv~
NRvTbSlv~SckeT(uckSh:yRveTS{:NNpeЏ{0
 
 
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 N0/cRTl:gh/cRN:gh/cRv Od	    
 
 1 . {/cRF - k x   { F : V
YRk : kO|pex : MOySh:yF veTNx Y~ST}     
 
 2 . USFdhTgT 2 ( l / g ) 1 / 2   [l : Fd( m ) g : S_0W͑RR^<PbzagN: Fd҉< 1 0 0 ; l > > r ]    
 
 3 . S/cRsyrpf f qRR    
 
 4 . SuqQ/cagN: f qRRf VA m a x qQ/cv2bkT^(u0,{ NQP 1 7 5 0    
 
 5 . :ghl0*jl0~l0,{NQP 2 0    
 
 6 . lv s / t f / T { l OdǏz-N N*NhTgTMR Od N*Nll'Y\1uN(,g@bQ[}     
 
 7 . Xlvl( (Wzzl-N	0 !3 3 2 m / s 2 0 !: 3 4 4 m / s 3 0 !: 3 4 9 m / s ( Xl/f~l)     
 
 8 . lSuf>fM\l~ǏxirbT[~~ Od	agNxirbT[v:\[kl\bv]
N'Y    
 
 9 . lvr^magN$NRlsvT( v]R`[0/cE^vя0/cReTvT)     
 
 1 0 . YnfRHe^: 1uNlnNKmvvNЏR[lnS\sNc6es
NT[vNcяc6esX'YSKNQ\0,{NQP 2 1 0]    
 
 l    
 
 1 	irSOvV	gsN/cE^0qRRsesQSQN/cR|~,g    
 
 2 	R:_:S/fl\Nl\bl7Nl7vGYQ1_:SR/fl\Nl7vGY    
 
 3 	lS/f OdN/cRN(,g
NlSuy, /f Oϑv Nye_    
 
 4 	r^mNM\/flyr	gv    
 
 ( 5 ) /cRVaNlRVa    
 
 ( 6 ) vQ[vsQQ[XlSvQ^(u0,{NQP 2 2 0/ /cR-NvϑlS0,{ NQP 1 7 3 00
 
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 mQ0QϑNRϑ( irSOvSRNRϑvSS	    
 
 1 . Rϑp m v   [p : Rϑ( k g / s ) m : (ϑ( k g ) v : ^( m / s ) eTN^eTvT]    
 
 3 . QϑI F t   [I : Qϑ( N ? s ) F : R`R( N ) t : Rv\O(ue( s ) eT1uF Q[]    
 
 4 . Rϑ[tI p bF t m v t  m v o   { p : RϑSSp m v t  m v o /fwϑ_}     
 
 5 . Rϑ[R`[_p MR;`p T;`bp p  2 _NSN/fm 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 m 1 v 1 2 + m 2 v 2 2     
 
 6 . 9_'`xdp 0 E k 0   { sS|~vRϑTRGW[R`}     
 
 7 . ^9_'`xdp 0 0 < E K < E K m   { E K _c1YvRE K m _c1Yv g'YR}     
 
 8 . [hQ^9_'`xdp 0 E K E K m   { xTޏ(W Nwb NteSO}     
 
 9 . irSOm 1 Nv 1 R^NYbkvirSOm 2 Su9_'`ckx:     
 
 v 1 2 ( m 1 - m 2 ) v 1 / ( m 1 + m 2 )   v 2 2 2 m 1 v 1 / ( m 1 + m 2 )     
 
 1 0 . 1u9 _vc- - - - - I{(ϑ9_'`ckxeNNbc^( R[R`0Rϑ[R`)     
 
 1 1 . P[9_m 4ls^^v o \eQYbknN4ls^IQn0Wbv(gWWM v^L]eQvQ-N NwЏRev:gh_c1Y    
 
 E _c= m v o 2 / 2 - ( M + m ) v t 2 / 2 f s v[  { v t : qQT^f : ;Rs v[P[9_v[(gWWvMOy}     
 
 l    
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 ( 1 ) ckxSS[_xd^eT(W[N -N_ vޏ~
N;     
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 ( 2 ) N
Nh_dRYGW:NwϑЏ{, (W N~`QNSSckeTS:NNpeЏ{;     
 
 3 	|~Rϑ[R`vagN: TYR:Nb|~
NSYRR|~Rϑ[R`xd0rp0SQI{	;     
 
 ( 4 ) xdǏz( egwSuxdvirSOgbv|~) Ɖ:NRϑ[R`, SP[8hpSeRϑ[R`;     
 
 ( 5 ) rpǏzƉ:NRϑ[R`ُeSf[lS:NRRXR( 6 ) vQ[vsQQ[SQЏR0kp{0*)Yb/gvSU\T[[*L0,{ NQP 1 2 8 00
 
 
 
 N0RTR/fϑlSvϑ^	    
 
 1 . RW F s c o s [IN_	[W : R( J ) F : R`R( N ) s : MOy( m ) : F 0s v9Y҉]    
 
 2 . ͑RZPRW a b m g h a b   { m : irSOv(ϑg 9 . 8 m / s 2 H"1 0 m / s 2 h a b a Nb ؚ^]( h a b h a - h b ) }     
 
 3 . 5u:WRZPRW a b q U a b   [q : 5uϑC 	U a b : a Nb KN5uR]( V ) sSU a b a 
b ]    
 
 4 . 5uRW U I t nf_	  [U 5uSV 	I : 5uAm( A ) t : 5ue( s ) ]    
 
 5 . RsP W / t ( [IN_)   [P : Rs[ t( W ) ] W : t eQ@bZPvR( J ) t : ZPR@b(ue( s ) ]    
 
 6 . }lfur_RvRsP F v P s^F v s^  { P : weRsP s^: s^GWRs}     
 
 7 . }lfNR`[Rs/TR0NR`[R^/TR0}lf g'YLv^( v m a x P / f )     
 
 8 . 5uRsP U I ( nf_)   [U 5u5uS( V ) I 5u5uAm( A ) ]    
 
 9 . &q3[_Q I 2 R t   [Q : 5up( J ) I : 5uAm:_^( A ) R : 5u;<P( ) t : 5ue( s ) ]    
 
 1 0 . ~5u;5u-NI U / R P U I U 2 / R I 2 R Q W U I t U 2 t / R I 2 R t     
 
 1 1 . RE k m v 2 / 2   [E k : R( J ) m irSO(ϑ( k g ) v : irSOwe^( m / s ) ]    
 
 1 2 . ͑RRE P m g h   [E P   : ͑RR( J ) g : ͑RR^h : zvؚ^( m ) ( NRbw) ]    
 
 1 3 . 5uRE A q A   [E A : &^5uSO(WA pv5uR( J ) q : 5uϑ( C ) A : A pv5uR( V ) ( NRbw) ]    
 
 1 4 . R[t( [irSOZPckR, irSOvRXR)     
 
 W Tm v t 2 / 2 - m v o 2 / 2 bW TE K     
 
 [W T: YR[irSOZPv;`RE K : RSSE K ( m v t 2 / 2 - m v o 2 / 2 ) ]    
 
 1 5 . :gh[R`[_E 0 bE K 1 + E P 1 E K 2 + E P 2 _NSN/fm v 1 2 / 2 + m g h 1 m v 2 2 / 2 + m g h 2     
 
 1 6 . ͑RZPRN͑RRvSS( ͑RZPRI{NirSO͑RRXϑv<P) W G - E P     
 
 l:     
 
 ( 1 ) Rs'Y\h:yZPR_ba, ZPRY\h:yϑlSY\    
 
 2 	O 0 d"< 9 0 O   ZPckR9 0 O < d"1 8 0 O ZPR9 0 o 
NZPR( RveTNMOy^	eTWve勛R
NZPR)     
 
 3 	͑R9_R05u:WR0RP[R	ZPckRR͑R9_'`05u0RP[	RQ\    
 
 4 	͑RZPRT5u:WRZPRGWN_esQ2 03 $N_	
 
 5 	:gh[R`bzagNd͑R9_R	YvQ[R
NZPRS/fRTRKNvlS( 6 ) vvQ[USMObc{: 1 k W h ( ^) 3 . 6  1 0 6 J 1 e V 1 . 6 0  1 0 - 1 9 J * 
 
 7 	9_'|9_'`RE k x 2 / 2 NR^|peTb_Sϑ	gsQ0
 
 
 
 kQ0RP[Rt0ϑ[R`[_    
 
 1 . ?OR_W8^peN A 6 . 0 2  1 0 2 3 / m o l RP[v_peϑ~1 0 - 1 0 s|    
 
 2 . llKmRP[v_d V / s   [V : USRP[lvSOy( m 3 ) S : lhby( m ) 2 ]    
 
 3 . RP[RtQ[ir(/f1u'YϑRP[~bv'YϑRP[ZPeĉRvpЏRRP[X[(WvN\O(uR0    
 
 4 . RP[v_RTeR( 1 ) r < r 0 f _< f eF RP[Rhs:NeR    
 
 ( 2 ) r r 0 f _f eF RP[R0 E RP[RE m i n (  g\<P)     
 
 ( 3 ) r > r 0 f _> f eF RP[Rhs:N_R    
 
 ( 4 ) r > 1 0 r 0 f _f eH"0 F RP[RH"0 E RP[RH"0     
 
 5 . pRf[,{ N[_W + Q U [( ZPRTp Oُ$Ny9eSirSOQve_(WHeg
N/fI{Hev)     
 
 W : YLu[irSOZPvckR( J ) Q : irSO8T6evpϑ( J ) U : XRvQ( J ) mS0R,{ N{|8lR:g
NS Q0,{NQP 4 0 0]    
 
 6 . pRf[,{N[_    
 
 KQlh
NSOpϑ1uNO)nirSO O0Rؚ)nirSO
N_wvQ[SSp O[veT'`	    
 
  _lh
NSNUS Npn8T6epϑv^b[hQ(uegZPR
N_wvQ[SS:ghNQlSveT'`	[mS0R,{N{|8lR:g
NS Q0,{NQP 4 4 0]    
 
 7 . pRf[,{	N[_pRf[^
NS0R[[[)n^NP
2 7 3 . 1 5 Ddl^pRf[^	]    
 
 l:     
 
 ( 1 ) ^g|P[
N/fRP[, ^g|\^gЏRf>f, )n^ؚgRp    
 
 ( 2 ) )n^/fRP[s^GWRvh_    
 
 3 ) RP[v_RTeRTeX[(W, RP[ݍyvX'YQ\, FOeRQ\_k_R_    
 
 ( 4 ) RP[RZPckRRP[RQ\, (Wr 0 YF _F eNRP[R g\    
 
 ( 5 ) lSO, YLu[lSOZPRW < 0 )n^GSؚQX'YU > 0 8T6epϑQ > 0     
 
 ( 6 ) irSOvQ/fcirSO@b	gvRP[RTRP[Rv;`T[Nt`lSORP[\O(uR:NRP[R:N    
 
 ( 7 ) r 0 :NRP[YNs^ar`eRP[vݍy    
 
 ( 8 ) vQ[vsQQ[vlST[R`[_0,{NQP 4 1 0/ nv _SN)R(u0sO0,{NQP 4 7 0/ irSOvQ0RP[vR0RP[R0,{NQP 4 7 00
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ]N0lSOv'`(    
 
 1 . lSOvr`Sϑ    
 
 )n^[
NirSOvQpz^_
NirSOQRP[eĉRЏRvgRpz^vh_    
 
 pRf[)n^NDdl)n^sQ|T t + 2 7 3   [T : pRf[)n^( K ) t : Ddl)n^( !) ]    
 
 SOyV lSORP[@b`SncvzzUSMObc{1 m 3 1 0 3 L 1 0 6 m L     
 
 S:_p USMOby
N'YϑlSORP[A~dQhVXNuc~0GW SvSRhQ'YlS1 a t m 1 . 0 1 3  1 0 5 P a 7 6 c m H g ( 1 P a 1 N / m 2 )     
 
 2 . lSORP[ЏRvyrpRP[zz'YdNxdvwYvN\O(uR_1_RP[ЏRs_'Y    
 
 3 . t`lSOvr`ezp 1 V 1 / T 1 p 2 V 2 / T 2   [P V / T R`ϑT :NpRf[)n^( K ) ]    
 
 l:     
 
 ( 1 ) t`lSOvQNt`lSOvSOyesQ, N)n^Tir(vϑ	gsQ    
 
 ( 2 ) lQ_3 bzagNGW:N N[(ϑvt`lSOO(ulQ_ela)n^vUSMOt :NDdl)n^( !) T :NpRf[)n^( K ) 0
 
 
 
 AS05u:W    
 
 1 . $Ny5uw05uw[R`[_0CQ5uw( e 1 . 6 0  1 0 - 1 9 C 	&^5uSO5uwϑI{NCQ5uwvtepe
P    
 
 2 . ^N[_F k Q 1 Q 2 / r 2 (Wwzz-N	[F : p5uwv\O(uR( N ) k : Y5uR8^ϑk 9 . 0  1 0 9 N ? m 2 / C 2 Q 1 0Q 2 : $Np5uwv5uϑ( C ) r : $Np5uwvݍy( m ) eT(W[Nvޏ~
N\O(uRNS\O(uRTy5uwNvce_y5uwNv8T_]    
 
 3 . 5u:W:_^E F / q [IN_0{_) [E : 5u:W:_^( N / C ) /fwϑ5u:WvSRSt	q h5uwv5uϑ( C ) ]    
 
 4 . wzzpn	5uwb_bv5u:WE k Q / r 2   [r n5uw0RMOnvݍym 	Q n5uwv5uϑ]    
 
 5 .  S:_5u:Wv:W:_E U A B / d   [U A B : A B $Npv5uS( V ) d : A B $Np(W:W:_eTvݍy( m ) ]    
 
 6 . 5u:WRF q E   [F : 5u:WR( N ) q : S0R5u:WRv5uwv5uϑ( C ) E : 5u:W:_^( N / C ) ]    
 
 7 . 5uRN5uR]U A B A - B U A B W A B / q - E A B / q     
 
 8 . 5u:WRZPRW A B q U A B E q d [W A B : &^5uSO1uA 0RB e5u:WR@bZPvR( J ) q : &^5uϑ( C ) U A B : 5u:W-NA 0B $Npv5uR]( V ) ( 5u:WRZPRN_esQ) , E :  S:_5u:W:_^, d : $Npl:W:_eTvݍy( m ) ]    
 
 9 . 5uRE A q A   [E A : &^5uSO(WA pv5uR( J ) q : 5uϑ( C ) A : A pv5uR( V ) ]    
 
 1 0 . 5uRvSSE A B E B - E A   [&^5uSO(W5u:W-NNA MOn0RB MOne5uRv]<P]    
 
 1 1 . 5u:WRZPRN5uRSSE A B - W A B - q U A B   ( 5uRvXϑI{N5u:WRZPRv<P)     
 
 1 2 . 5u[C Q / U ( [IN_, {_)   [C : 5u[( F ) Q : 5uϑ( C ) U : 5uS( $Ngg5uR]) ( V ) ]    
 
 1 3 . s^Lg5u[hVv5u[C S / 4 k d S : $Nggck[byd : $NggvWvݍyN5u8^pe	    
 
 8^5u[hV0,{NQP 1 1 1 0    
 
 1 4 . &^5u|P[(W5u:W-NvR( V o 0 ) W E K bq U m V t 2 / 2 V t ( 2 q U / m ) 1 / 2     
 
 1 5 . &^5u|P[lWv5u:WeTN^V o ۏeQ S:_5u:WevOPl( 
NQ͑R\O(uv`QN)     
 
 {|s^  Wv5u:WeT:  Sv~ЏRL V o t ( (W&^I{ϑ_y5uwvs^Lgg-NE U / d )     
 
 bЏR  s^L5u:WeT: R^:Nv SRv~ЏRd a t 2 / 2 a F / m q E / m     
 
 l:     
 
 ( 1 ) $N*N[hQvTv&^5uё^\\tce, 5uϑRMĉ_: S&^_y5uwvHQ-NTTs^R, S&^Ty5uwv;`ϑs^R    
 
 ( 2 ) 5u:W~Nck5uwQS~bkN5uw, 5u:W~
NvN, R~eT:N:W:_eT, 5u:W~[Y:W:_'Y, z@w5u:W~5uRegNO, 5u:W~NI{R~Wv    
 
 3 	8^5u:Wv5u:W~R^Blq0V[ ,{NQP 9 8 ]     
 
 ( 4 ) 5u:W:_^wϑ	N5uRhϑ	GW1u5u:W,gQ[, 5u:WRN5uR؏N&^5uSO&^v5uϑY\T5uwck	gsQ    
 
 ( 5 ) YNY5us^a[SO/f*NI{RSO, hb/f*NI{Rb, [SOYhbDяv5u:W~WvN[SOhb[SOQT:W:_:N, [SOQ萡l	gQ5uw, Q5uwSR^N[SOYhb    
 
 ( 6 ) 5u[USMObc{1 F 1 0 6 F 1 0 1 2 P F     
 
 ( 7 	5uP[O( e V ) /fϑvUSMO, 1 e V 1 . 6 0  1 0 - 1 9 J     
 
 ( 8 ) vQ[vsQQ[Y5uO\=0,{NQP 1 0 1 0/ :y    
 
 l{0:ylhVSvQ^(u0,{NQP 1 1 4 0I{Rb0,{NQP 1 0 5 00
 
 
 
 
 
 AS N0R`[5uAm    
 
 1 . 5uAm:_^I q / t [I : 5uAm:_^( A 	q : (Wet QǏ[SO*j}bv5uϑ( C 	t : e( s 	]    
 
 2 . 'kY[_I U / R   [I : [SO5uAm:_^( A ) U : [SO$Nz5uS( V ) R : [SO;<P( ) ]    
 
 3 . 5u;05u;[_R L / S [: 5u;s( ? m ) L : [SOv^( m ) S : [SO*j*bby( m 2 ) ]    
 
 4 . T5u'kY[_I E / ( r + R ) bE I r + I R _NSN/fE U Q+ U Y    
 
 [I : 5u-Nv;`5uAm( A ) E : 5un5uRR( V ) R : Y5u5u;( ) r : 5unQ;( ) ]    
 
 5 . 5uRN5uRsW U I t P U I [W : 5uR( J ) U : 5uS( V ) I : 5uAm( A ) t : e( s ) P : 5uRs( W ) ]    
 
 6 . &q3[_Q I 2 R t [Q : 5up( J ) I : Ǐ[SOv5uAm( A ) R : [SOv5u;<P( ) t : 5ue( s ) ]    
 
 7 . ~5u;5u-N: 1uNI U / R , W Q VdkW Q U I t I 2 R t U 2 t / R     
 
 8 . 5un;`Rs05unQRs05unHesP ;`I E P QI U P Q/ P ;`[I : 5u;`5uAm( A ) E : 5un5uRR( V ) U : z5uS( V ) 5unHes]    
 
 9 . 5uv2N/ v^T  2NT5u( P 0U NR bckk)   v^T5u( P 0I NR bSk)     
 
 5u;sQ|( 2NTv^S)   R 2NR 1 + R 2 + R 3 +   1 / R v^1 / R 1 + 1 / R 2 + 1 / R 3 +     
 
 5uAmsQ|  I ;`I 1 I 2 I 3   I v^I 1 + I 2 + I 3 +     
 
 5uSsQ|  U ;`U 1 + U 2 + U 3 +   U ;`U 1 U 2 U 3     
 
 RsRM  P ;`P 1 + P 2 + P 3 +   P ;`P 1 + P 2 + P 3 +     
 
 1 0 . 'kYhKm5u;    
 
 ( 1 ) 5u~b  ( 2 ) KmϑSt    
 
   $Nh{wcT, R o O5uhcnOP_    
 
   I g E / ( r + R g + R o )     
 
   ceQKm5u;R x TǏ5uhv5uAm:N    
 
   I x E / ( r + R g + R o + R x ) E / ( R -N+ R x )     
 
   1uNI x NR x [^VdkSc:yKm5u;'Y\    
 
   ( 3 ) O(uel: :gh0	bϑz0'kY0Kmϑpe[la!cMO( 
Ps) ]0bo f f !c0    
 
 ( 4 ) la: Kmϑ5u;eNS5ue _, 	bϑzOc(W-N.YDя, k!kbc!c͑ewc'kY0    
 
 1 1 . O[lKm5u;    
 
 5uAmhQcl  5uAmhYcl    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5uSh:ypeU U R + U A   5uAmh:ypeI I R + I V     
 
 R x vKmϑ<PU / I ( U A + U R ) / I R R A + R x > R w  R x vKmϑ<PU / I U R / ( I R + I V ) R V R x / ( R V + R ) < R w    
 
 	(u5uagNR x > > R A   [ bR x > ( R A R V ) 1 / 2 ]   	(u5uagNR x < < R V   [ bR x < ( R A R V ) 1 / 2 ]     
 
 1 2 . nRS;hV(W5u-NvPAmclNRScl    
 
 PAmcl    
 
 
 
 5uSV\, 5u{US, R\  5uSV'Y, 5u
YBg, R'Y    
 
 ON5uSv	bagNR p > R x   ON5uSv	bagNR p < R x     
 
 l1 ) USMObc{1 A 1 0 3 m A 1 0 6 A 1 k V 1 0 3 V 1 0 6 m A 1 M 1 0 3 k 1 0 6     
 
 TyPgev5u;s)n^vSSSS, ё^\5u;s)n^GSؚX'Y( 3 ) 2NT;`5u;'YNNUO N*NR5u;, v^T;`5u;\NNUO N*NR5u;( 4 ) S_5un	gQ;e, Y5u5u;X'Ye, ;`5uAmQ\, z5uSX'Y( 5 ) S_Y5u5u;I{N5un5u;e, 5unQRs g'Y, dkevQRs:NE 2 / ( 2 r ) ( 6 ) vQ[vsQQ[5u;sN)n^vsQ|JS[SOSvQ^(u[SvQ^(u0,{NQP 1 2 7 00
 
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 ASN0x:W    
 
 1 . xa^:_^/f(uegh:yx:Wv:_1_TeTvirtϑ, /fwϑUSMOT ) , 1 T 1 N / A ? m     
 
 2 . [WRF B I L ( lL "B )   { B : xa^:_^( T ) , F : [WR( F ) , I : 5uAm:_^( A ) , L : [~^( m ) }     
 
 3 . mNyQRf q V B ( lV "B ) ; (1N0,{NQP 1 5 5 0[f : mNyQR( N ) q : &^5u|P[5uϑ( C ) V : &^5u|P[^( m / s ) ]    
 
 4 . (W͑R_eu
N( 
NQ͑R) v`QN, &^5u|P[ۏeQx:WvЏR`Q( cc$Ny)     
 
 1 	&^5u|P[ls^Lx:WeTۏeQx:W: 
NSmNyQRv\O(u, ZP Sv~ЏRV V 0     
 
 ( 2 ) &^5u|P[lWvx:WeTۏeQx:W: ZP SWhTЏR, ĉ_YNa ) F Tf mm V 2 / r m 2 r m r ( 2 / T ) 2 q V B r m V / q B T 2 m / q B ( b ) ЏRhTgNWhTЏRvJS_T~^esQ, mNyQR[&^5u|P[
NZPR( NUO`QN) ? ㉘sQ.: ;uh0~bW_0[JS_0W_҉N
P&_R҉	0    
 
 l    
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 ( 1 ) [WRTmNyQRveTGWS1u]Kb[R$R[S/fmNyQRla&^5u|P[vck    
 
 ( 2 ) xa~vyrpSvQ8^x:Wvxa~R^cc0VS,{NQP 1 4 4 0( 3 ) vQ[vsQQ[0Wx:W/ x5u_5uhSt0,{NQP 1 5 0 0/ VeRhV0,{NQP 1 5 6 0    
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 / x'`Pge
 
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 AS	N05uxa^    
 
 1 . [ a^5uRRv'Y\{lQ_]     
 
 1 ) E n / t nflQ_	[lb,{5uxa^[_E a^5uRR( V ) n a^~WSpe/ t : xϑvSSs]    
 
 2 ) E B L V W( RrRxa~ЏR)   [L : 	gHe^( m ) ]    
 
 3 ) E m n B S NAmS5u:g g'Yva^5uRR	  [E m : a^5uRR\<P]    
 
 4 ) E B L 2 / 2 [SO NzV[NelRrR	  [: ҉^( r a d / s ) V : ^( m / s ) ]    
 
 2 . xϑB S   { : xϑ( W b ) , B :  S:_x:Wvxa^:_^( T ) , S : ck[by( m 2 ) }     
 
 3 . a^5uRRvckgS)R(ua^5uAmeT$R[[5unQ萄v5uAmeT1ugAmTckg]    
 
 * 4 . a5uRRE n / t L I / t [L : a|pe( H ) ( ~WL 	gkee'Y) I : SS5uAm? t : @b(ueI / t : a5uAmSSs( SSv_ba) ]    
 
 l( 1 ) a^5uAmveTS(u^i!k[_bSKb[R$R[^i!k[_^(up0,{NQP 1 7 3 0( 2 ) a5uAm;`/f;x_wa5uRRv5uAmvSS( 3 ) USMObc{1 H 1 0 3 m H 1 0 6 H 0( 4 ) vQ[vsQQ[a0,{NQP 1 7 8 0/ eIQop0,{NQP 1 8 0 00
 
 
 
 ASV0NS5uAmck&__NS5uAm	    
 
 1 . 5uSwe<Pe E m s i n t   5uAmwe<Pi I m s i n t ( 2 f )     
 
 2 . 5uRR\<PE m n B S 2 B L v   5uAm\<P( ~5u;5u-N) I m E m / R ;`    
 
 3 . ck( YO) &__NS5uAm	gHe<PE E m / ( 2 ) 1 / 2 U U m / ( 2 ) 1 / 2   I I m / ( 2 ) 1 / 2     
 
 4 . t`SShVSoR~W-Nv5uSN5uAmSRssQ|    
 
 U 1 / U 2 n 1 / n 2   I 1 / I 2 n 2 / n 2   P eQP Q    
 
 5 . (W܏ݍy5u-N, Ǒ(uؚS5uSNQ\5u(W5u~
Nv_c1Y_c2 ( P / U ) 2 R P _c2 : 5u~
N_c1YvRsP : 5uv;`RsU : 5uSR : 5u~5u;	0,{NQP 1 9 8 0    
 
 6 . lQ_1 02 03 04 -NirtϑSUSMO: ҉s( r a d / s ) t : e( s ) n : ~WSpeB : xa:_^( T )     
 
 S : ~Wvby( m 2 ) U Q) 5uS( V ) I : 5uAm:_^( A ) P : Rs( W ) 0    
 
 l:     
 
 ( 1 ) NS5uAmvSSsNS5u:g-N~WvlRvsvTsS: 5u~f 5uf ~    
 
 ( 2 ) S5u:g-N, ~W(W-N'`bMOnxϑ g'Y, a^5uRR:N, Ǐ-N'`b5uAmeT1\9eS    
 
 ( 3 ) 	gHe<P/f9hnc5uAmpHe^[INv, l	gyr+RfvNAmpe<Pc	gHe<P    
 
 ( 4 ) t`SShVvSpek N[e, Q5uS1ueQ5uSQ[, eQ5uAm1uQ5uAmQ[eQRsI{NQRs, S_}vmvRsX'YeeQRs_NX'YsSP QQ[P eQ    
 
 ( 5 ) vQ[vsQQ[ck&_NAm5uVa0,{NQP 1 9 0 0/ 5u;05uaT5u[[NS    
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 
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 ASN05ux/caT5uxl    
 
 1 . L C /ca5uT 2 ( L C ) 1 / 2 f 1 / T   [f : s( H z ) T : hTg( s ) L : 5uaϑ( H ) C : 5u[ϑ( F ) ]    
 
 2 . 5uxl(Wwzz-N Odv^c 3 . 0 0  1 0 8 m / s c / f   [: 5uxlvl( m ) f : 5uxls]    
 
 l:     
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 ( 1 ) (WL C /caǏz-N, 5u[hV5uϑ g'Ye/ca5uAm:N5u[hV5uϑ:Ne/ca5uAm g'Y    
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 ( 2 ) KQe5ux:Wt: SSv5u( x) :WNux( 5u) :W    
 
 ( 3 ) vQ[vsQQ[5ux:W0,{NQP 2 1 5 0/ 5uxl0,{NQP 2 1 6 0/ e~5ulvS\Nc6e0,{NQP 2 1 9 0/ 5uƉ    
 
 0,{NQP 2 2 0 00
 
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 ASmQ0IQvS\Tb\QUOIQf[	    
 
 1 . S\[_i   [; S\҉i : eQ\҉]    
 
 2 . ~[b\s( IQNwzz-N0RN() n c / v s i n   / s i n   [IQvrceSIQ-N~IQb\s\n : b\sc : wzz-NvIQv : N(-NvIQ  : eQ\҉  : b\҉]    
 
 3 . hQS\1 	IQNN(-NۏeQwzzbzzl-NeSuhQS\v4NLu҉C s i n C 1 / n     
 
 2 ) hQS\vagNIQ[N(\eQIQuN(eQ\҉I{Nb'YN4NLu҉    
 
 l:     
 
 ( 1 ) s^b\S\bPĉ_: bI{'YckzvZP, PNirls^b\[y    
 
 ( 2 ) 	Nh\b\bPĉ_: bZP, Q\IQ~T^OPb, PvMOnTv҉OPy    
 
 ( 3 ) IQ[~~/fIQvhQS\v[E^(u0,{	NQP 1 2 0, >e'Y\/fQ\, яƉ<w\/fQ\    
 
 ( 4 ) qTyIQf[NhVvbPĉ_, )R(uS\( b\) ĉ_0IQvSI{\OQIQV/f㉘sQ.    
 
 ( 5 ) }vIQǏ	Nh\Srceĉ_+}IQ`я^Q\0,{	NQP 1 6 00
 
 
 
 ASN0IQv,g'`IQe	g|P['`, S	glR'`, y:NIQvl|Na'`	    
 
 1 . $Nyf[: _|( [r) 0lR( `fe) 0,{	NQP 2 3 0    
 
 2 Sr^m: -N:NNag~Nag~MOn:   n fag~MOn:   ( 2 n + 1 ) / 2 n 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 000	ag~ݍ[  : z]( IQz]) : IQvl/ 2 : IQvJSld $Nagrvݍyl !cgNO\vݍy]    
 
 3 . IQvr1uIQvsQ[, IQvs1uIQnQ[, NN(esQ, IQv Od^NN(	gsQIQvr	csNNO0RؚvcRz^/f~0Yj0Ğ0~0݄0[0+}( R+}IQvs'Yl\)     
 
 4 . r^m: XvS^/f~IQ(W-Nlv1 / 4 , sSXS^d / 4 0,{	NQP 2 5 0    
 
 5 . IQvM\IQ(Wl	gxirvGW SN(-N/flv~ Odv(Wxirv:\[kIQvl'Y_Yv`QNIQvM\sa
Nf>fS:Nlv~ OdSKN1\
N:NIQlv~ Od0,{	NQP 2 7 0    
 
 6 . IQvOP/cIQvOP/csafIQ/f*jl0,{	NQP 3 2 0    
 
 7 . IQv5uxIQv,g(/f Ny5uxl05uxl1( 	clN'Y0R\cR) : e~5ul0~Y~0SIQ0+}Y~0&O4t\~0\~0~Y~0+}Y0~&O4t\~vSsTyr'`0Nu:gt0[E^(u0,{	NQP 2 9 0    
 
 8 . IQP[,  N*NIQP[vϑE h   [h : nfgKQ8^ϑ6 . 6 3  1 0 - 3 4 J . s : IQvs]    
 
 9 . 1rVefWIQ5uHe^ezm V m 2 / 2 h 
W   [m V m 2 / 2 : IQ5uP[RRh : IQP[ϑW : ё^\v8QR]    
 
 l:     
 
 ( 1 ) O:SRIQvr^mTM\NuSt0agN0V7hS^(u, YSr^m0r^m0USM\0WT[M\0WO\M\I{    
 
 ( 2 ) vQ[vsQQ[: IQv,g'`f[SU\S/ l~gNe/ S\IQ1/ 8T6eIQ1/ IQ1Rg/ SP[yr_1~0,{	NQP 5 0 0/ IQ5uHe^vĉ_IQP[0,{	NQP 4 1 0/ IQ5u{SvQ^(u/ IQvl|Na'`0,{	NQP 4 5 0/ oIQ0,{	NQP 3 5 0/ ir(l0,{	NQP 5 1 00
 
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 ASkQ0SP[TSP[8h    
 
 1 . |P[ce\Ջ~ga ) 'YYpev|P[
NSuOPl( b ) \pe|P[SuN'Y҉^vOPl? g\pe|P[Qs'Y҉^vOPl( uS9_Veg)     
 
 2 . SP[8hv'Y\1 0 - 1 5 ^1 0 - 1 4 m SP[vJS_~1 0 - 1 0 m ( SP[v8h_~g)     
 
 3 IQP[vS\N8T6eSP[Su[`Íe, \( b8T6e)  N[svIQP[: h E R- E +g[~Í]    
 
 4 . SP[8hv~b(P[T-NP[~y:N8hP[	  [A (ϑpe(P[pe-NP[peZ = 5uwpe(P[pe8hY5uP[peSP[^pe0,{	NQP 6 3 0]    
 
 5 . )Y6q>e\sa\~|P[/f&lSP[8h	0\~ؚЏRv5uP[Am	0\~lgwv5uxl	0pSNpS0JSpg( 	gJSpeN
NvSP[8hSuNpS@b(uve) 0\~/f4O\~T\~Nuv0,{	NQP 6 4 0    
 
 6 . 1rVefWv(ez: E m c 2 [E : ϑ( J ) m : (ϑ( K g ) c : IQ(Wwzz-Nv^]    
 
 7 . 8hv{E m c 2 [S_m vUSMO(uk g eE vUSMO:NJ S_m (uSP[(ϑUSMOu e{QvE USMO:Nu c 2 1 u c 2 9 3 1 . 5 M e V ]0,{	NQP 7 2 00    
 
 l    
 
 ( 1 ) 8^v8hS^ez( ͑8hS0{8hZSI{8hS^ez) Blcc    
 
 ( 2 ) q8^|P[v(ϑpeT5uwpe    
 
 ( 3 ) (ϑpeT5uwpe[R`, Onc[N[, /fcknxfNQ8hS^ezvsQ.    
 
 ( 4 ) vQ[vsQQ[: "lSP[v~~g0,{	NQP 4 9 0/ "lSP[v5uP[N0,{	NQP 5 3 0/ >e\'`TMOpeSvQ^(u0>e\'`algT2b0,{	NQP 6 9 0/ ͑8hS0_S^0_S^vagN08hS^X0,{	NQP 7 3 0/ {8hZS0Scp8hS^0,{	NQP 7 7 0/ N{|[ir(~gvƋ0
 
 
 
 
 
 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 
 
 irt8^pe  &{S   gsO[<P  O{(u<P    
 
 wzz-NIQ  c   2 9 9 7 9 2 4 5 8  1 . 2 m  s 
1   3 . 0 0  1 0 8   m  s 
1     
 
 N	g_R8^pe  G 0   ( 6 . 6 7 2 0  0 . 0 0 4 1 )  1 0 
1 1 m 3  s 
2   6 . 6 7  1 0 
1 1   m 3  s 
2     
 
 ?OR_W( A v o g a d r o ) 8^pe  N 0   ( 6 . 0 2 2 0 4 5  0 . 0 0 0 0 3 1 )    1 0 2 3 m o l 
1   6 . 0 2  1 0 2 3   m o l 
1     
 
 nflSO8^pe  R   ( 8 . 3 1 4 4 1  0 . 0 0 0 2 6 ) J  m o l 
1  K 
1   8 . 3 1   J  m o l 
1  K 
1     
 
 s\yQf( B o l t z m a n n ) 8^pe  k   ( 1 . 3 8 0 6 6 2  0 . 0 0 0 0 4 1 )    1 0 
2 3 J  K 
1   1 . 3 8  1 0 
2 3   J  K 
1     
 
 t`lSOid\SOy  V m   ( 2 2 . 4 1 3 8 3  0 . 0 0 0 7 0 )    1 0 
3   2 2 . 4  1 0 
3   m 3  m o l 
1     
 
 W,g5uw( CQ5uw)   e   ( 1 . 6 0 2 1 8 9 2  0 . 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 )    1 0 
1 9   C   1 . 6 0 2  1 0 
1 9   C     
 
 SP[(ϑUSMO  u   ( 1 . 6 6 0 5 6 5 5  0 . 0 0 0 0 0 8 6 )  1 0 
2 7   k g   1 . 6 6  1 0 
2 7   k g     
 
 5uP[Ybk(ϑ  m e   ( 9 . 1 0 9 5 3 4  0 . 0 0 0 0 4 7 )  1 0 
3 1 k g   9 . 1 1  1 0 
3 1 k g     
 
 5uP[w(k  e / m e   ( 1 . 7 5 8 8 0 4 7  0 . 0 0 0 0 0 4 9 )  1 0 
1 1   C    k g 
2   1 . 7 6  1 0 
1 1   C    k g 
2     
 
 (P[Ybk(ϑ  m p   ( 1 . 6 7 2 6 4 8 5  0 . 0 0 0 0 0 8 6 )  1 0 
2 7   k g   1 . 6 7 3  1 0 
2 7   k g     
 
 -NP[Ybk(ϑ  m n   ( 1 . 6 7 4 9 5 4 3  0 . 0 0 0 0 0 8 6 )  1 0 
2 7   k g   1 . 6 7 5  1 0 
2 7   k g     
 
 lb,{8^pe  F   ( 9 . 6 4 8 4 5 6  0 . 0 0 0 0 2 7   ) C  m o l 
1   9 6 5 0 0   C  m o l 
1     
 
 wzz5u[s  0   ( 8 . 8 5 4 1 8 7 8 1 8  0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 )  1 0 
1 2 & m 
2   8 . 8 5  1 0 
1 2 & m 
2     
 
 wzzx[s  0   1 2 . 5 6 6 3 7 0 6 1 4 4  1 0 
7 H  m 
1   4 H  m 
1     
 
 5uP[xw  e   ( 9 . 2 8 4 8 3 2  0 . 0 0 0 0 3 6 )  1 0 
2 4   J  4
1   9 . 2 8  1 0 
2 4   J  4
1     
 
 (P[xw  p   ( 1 . 4 1 0 6 1 7 1  0 . 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 )  1 0 
2 3   J  4
1   1 . 4 1  1 0 
2 3   J  4
1     
 
 s\( B o h r ) JS_  0   ( 5 . 2 9 1 7 7 0 6  0 . 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 )  1 0 
1 1   m   5 . 2 9  1 0 
1 1   m     
 
 s\( B o h r ) xP[  B   ( 9 . 2 7 4 0 7 8  0 . 0 0 0 0 3 6 )  1 0 
2 4   J  4
1   9 . 2 7  1 0 
2 4   J  4
1     
 
 8hxP[  N   ( 5 . 0 5 9 8 2 4  0 . 0 0 0 0 2 0 )  1 0 
2 7   J  4
1   5 . 0 5  1 0 
2 7   J  4
1     
 
 nfgKQ(   P l a n c k ) 8^pe  h   ( 6 . 6 2 6 1 7 6  0 . 0 0 0 0 3 6 )  1 0 
3 4   J  S  6 . 6 3  1 0 
3 4   J  S    
 
 |~~g8^pe  a   7 . 2 9 7 3 5 0 6 ( 6 0 )  1 0 
3    0    
 
 ̑_/O( R y d b e r g ) 8^pe  R   1 . 0 9 7 3 7 3 1 7 7 ( 8 3 )  1 0 7 m 
1    0    
 
 5uP[^nf( C o m p t o n ) l   0  2 . 4 2 6 3 0 8 9 ( 4 0 )  1 0 - 1 2 m    0    
 
 (P[^nf( C o m p t o n ) l   0  1 . 3 2 1 4 0 9 9 ( 2 2 )  1 0 - 1 5 m    0    
 
 (P[5uP[(ϑk  m p / m e   1 8 3 6 . 1 5 1 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 